nom/
internal.rs

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//! Basic types to build the parsers

use self::Needed::*;
use crate::error::{self, ErrorKind, FromExternalError, ParseError};
use crate::lib::std::fmt;
use core::marker::PhantomData;
use core::num::NonZeroUsize;

/// Holds the result of parsing functions
///
/// It depends on the input type `I`, the output type `O`, and the error type `E`
/// (by default `(I, nom::ErrorKind)`)
///
/// The `Ok` side is a pair containing the remainder of the input (the part of the data that
/// was not parsed) and the produced value. The `Err` side contains an instance of `nom::Err`.
///
/// Outside of the parsing code, you can use the [Finish::finish] method to convert
/// it to a more common result type
pub type IResult<I, O, E = error::Error<I>> = Result<(I, O), Err<E>>;

/// Helper trait to convert a parser's result to a more manageable type
pub trait Finish<I, O, E> {
  /// converts the parser's result to a type that is more consumable by error
  /// management libraries. It keeps the same `Ok` branch, and merges `Err::Error`
  /// and `Err::Failure` into the `Err` side.
  ///
  /// *warning*: if the result is `Err(Err::Incomplete(_))`, this method will panic.
  /// - "complete" parsers: It will not be an issue, `Incomplete` is never used
  /// - "streaming" parsers: `Incomplete` will be returned if there's not enough data
  ///   for the parser to decide, and you should gather more data before parsing again.
  ///   Once the parser returns either `Ok(_)`, `Err(Err::Error(_))` or `Err(Err::Failure(_))`,
  ///   you can get out of the parsing loop and call `finish()` on the parser's result
  fn finish(self) -> Result<(I, O), E>;
}

impl<I, O, E> Finish<I, O, E> for IResult<I, O, E> {
  fn finish(self) -> Result<(I, O), E> {
    match self {
      Ok(res) => Ok(res),
      Err(Err::Error(e)) | Err(Err::Failure(e)) => Err(e),
      Err(Err::Incomplete(_)) => {
        panic!("Cannot call `finish()` on `Err(Err::Incomplete(_))`: this result means that the parser does not have enough data to decide, you should gather more data and try to reapply the parser instead")
      }
    }
  }
}

/// Contains information on needed data if a parser returned `Incomplete`
#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone, Copy)]
pub enum Needed {
  /// Needs more data, but we do not know how much
  Unknown,
  /// Contains the required data size in bytes
  Size(NonZeroUsize),
}

impl Needed {
  /// Creates `Needed` instance, returns `Needed::Unknown` if the argument is zero
  pub fn new(s: usize) -> Self {
    match NonZeroUsize::new(s) {
      Some(sz) => Needed::Size(sz),
      None => Needed::Unknown,
    }
  }

  /// Indicates if we know how many bytes we need
  pub fn is_known(&self) -> bool {
    *self != Unknown
  }

  /// Maps a `Needed` to `Needed` by applying a function to a contained `Size` value.
  #[inline]
  pub fn map<F: Fn(NonZeroUsize) -> usize>(self, f: F) -> Needed {
    match self {
      Unknown => Unknown,
      Size(n) => Needed::new(f(n)),
    }
  }
}

/// The `Err` enum indicates the parser was not successful
///
/// It has three cases:
///
/// * `Incomplete` indicates that more data is needed to decide. The `Needed` enum
///   can contain how many additional bytes are necessary. If you are sure your parser
///   is working on full data, you can wrap your parser with the `complete` combinator
///   to transform that case in `Error`
/// * `Error` means some parser did not succeed, but another one might (as an example,
///   when testing different branches of an `alt` combinator)
/// * `Failure` indicates an unrecoverable error. For example, when a prefix has been
///   recognised and the next parser has been confirmed, if that parser fails, then the
///   entire process fails; there are no more parsers to try.
///
/// Distinguishing `Failure` this from `Error` is only relevant inside the parser's code. For
/// external consumers, both mean that parsing failed.
///
/// See also: [`Finish`].
///
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
pub enum Err<Failure, Error = Failure> {
  /// There was not enough data
  Incomplete(Needed),
  /// The parser had an error (recoverable)
  Error(Error),
  /// The parser had an unrecoverable error: we got to the right
  /// branch and we know other branches won't work, so backtrack
  /// as fast as possible
  Failure(Failure),
}

impl<E> Err<E> {
  /// Tests if the result is Incomplete
  pub fn is_incomplete(&self) -> bool {
    matches!(self, Err::Incomplete(..))
  }

  /// Applies the given function to the inner error
  pub fn map<E2, F>(self, f: F) -> Err<E2>
  where
    F: FnOnce(E) -> E2,
  {
    match self {
      Err::Incomplete(n) => Err::Incomplete(n),
      Err::Failure(t) => Err::Failure(f(t)),
      Err::Error(t) => Err::Error(f(t)),
    }
  }

  /// Automatically converts between errors if the underlying type supports it
  pub fn convert<F>(e: Err<F>) -> Self
  where
    E: From<F>,
  {
    e.map(crate::lib::std::convert::Into::into)
  }
}

impl<T> Err<(T, ErrorKind)> {
  /// Maps `Err<(T, ErrorKind)>` to `Err<(U, ErrorKind)>` with the given `F: T -> U`
  pub fn map_input<U, F>(self, f: F) -> Err<(U, ErrorKind)>
  where
    F: FnOnce(T) -> U,
  {
    match self {
      Err::Incomplete(n) => Err::Incomplete(n),
      Err::Failure((input, k)) => Err::Failure((f(input), k)),
      Err::Error((input, k)) => Err::Error((f(input), k)),
    }
  }
}

impl<T> Err<error::Error<T>> {
  /// Maps `Err<error::Error<T>>` to `Err<error::Error<U>>` with the given `F: T -> U`
  pub fn map_input<U, F>(self, f: F) -> Err<error::Error<U>>
  where
    F: FnOnce(T) -> U,
  {
    match self {
      Err::Incomplete(n) => Err::Incomplete(n),
      Err::Failure(error::Error { input, code }) => Err::Failure(error::Error {
        input: f(input),
        code,
      }),
      Err::Error(error::Error { input, code }) => Err::Error(error::Error {
        input: f(input),
        code,
      }),
    }
  }
}

#[cfg(feature = "alloc")]
use crate::lib::std::{borrow::ToOwned, string::String, vec::Vec};
#[cfg(feature = "alloc")]
impl Err<(&[u8], ErrorKind)> {
  /// Obtaining ownership
  #[cfg_attr(feature = "docsrs", doc(cfg(feature = "alloc")))]
  pub fn to_owned(self) -> Err<(Vec<u8>, ErrorKind)> {
    self.map_input(ToOwned::to_owned)
  }
}

#[cfg(feature = "alloc")]
impl Err<(&str, ErrorKind)> {
  /// Obtaining ownership
  #[cfg_attr(feature = "docsrs", doc(cfg(feature = "alloc")))]
  pub fn to_owned(self) -> Err<(String, ErrorKind)> {
    self.map_input(ToOwned::to_owned)
  }
}

#[cfg(feature = "alloc")]
impl Err<error::Error<&[u8]>> {
  /// Obtaining ownership
  #[cfg_attr(feature = "docsrs", doc(cfg(feature = "alloc")))]
  pub fn to_owned(self) -> Err<error::Error<Vec<u8>>> {
    self.map_input(ToOwned::to_owned)
  }
}

#[cfg(feature = "alloc")]
impl Err<error::Error<&str>> {
  /// Obtaining ownership
  #[cfg_attr(feature = "docsrs", doc(cfg(feature = "alloc")))]
  pub fn to_owned(self) -> Err<error::Error<String>> {
    self.map_input(ToOwned::to_owned)
  }
}

impl<E: Eq> Eq for Err<E> {}

impl<E> fmt::Display for Err<E>
where
  E: fmt::Debug,
{
  fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
    match self {
      Err::Incomplete(Needed::Size(u)) => write!(f, "Parsing requires {} bytes/chars", u),
      Err::Incomplete(Needed::Unknown) => write!(f, "Parsing requires more data"),
      Err::Failure(c) => write!(f, "Parsing Failure: {:?}", c),
      Err::Error(c) => write!(f, "Parsing Error: {:?}", c),
    }
  }
}

#[cfg(feature = "std")]
use std::error::Error;

#[cfg(feature = "std")]
impl<E> Error for Err<E>
where
  E: fmt::Debug,
{
  fn source(&self) -> Option<&(dyn Error + 'static)> {
    None // no underlying error
  }
}

/// Parser mode: influences how combinators build values
///
/// the [Parser] trait is generic over types implementing [Mode]. Its method are
/// called to produce and manipulate output values or errors.
///
/// The main implementations of this trait are:
/// * [Emit]: produce a value
/// * [Check]: apply the parser but do not generate a value
pub trait Mode {
  /// The output type that may be generated
  type Output<T>;

  /// Produces a value
  fn bind<T, F: FnOnce() -> T>(f: F) -> Self::Output<T>;

  /// Applies a function over the produced value
  fn map<T, U, F: FnOnce(T) -> U>(x: Self::Output<T>, f: F) -> Self::Output<U>;

  /// Combines two values generated by previous parsers
  fn combine<T, U, V, F: FnOnce(T, U) -> V>(
    x: Self::Output<T>,
    y: Self::Output<U>,
    f: F,
  ) -> Self::Output<V>;
}

/// Produces a value. This is the default behaviour for parsers
pub struct Emit;
impl Mode for Emit {
  type Output<T> = T;

  #[inline(always)]
  fn bind<T, F: FnOnce() -> T>(f: F) -> Self::Output<T> {
    f()
  }

  #[inline(always)]
  fn map<T, U, F: FnOnce(T) -> U>(x: Self::Output<T>, f: F) -> Self::Output<U> {
    f(x)
  }

  #[inline(always)]
  fn combine<T, U, V, F: FnOnce(T, U) -> V>(
    x: Self::Output<T>,
    y: Self::Output<U>,
    f: F,
  ) -> Self::Output<V> {
    f(x, y)
  }
}

/// Applies the parser, but do not a produce a value
///
/// This has the effect of greatly reducing the amount of code generated and the
/// parser memory usage. Some combinators check for an error in a child parser but
/// discard the error, and for those, using [Check] makes sure the error is not
/// even generated, only the fact that an error happened remains
pub struct Check;
impl Mode for Check {
  type Output<T> = ();

  #[inline(always)]
  fn bind<T, F: FnOnce() -> T>(_: F) -> Self::Output<T> {}

  #[inline(always)]
  fn map<T, U, F: FnOnce(T) -> U>(_: Self::Output<T>, _: F) -> Self::Output<U> {}

  #[inline(always)]
  fn combine<T, U, V, F: FnOnce(T, U) -> V>(
    _: Self::Output<T>,
    _: Self::Output<U>,
    _: F,
  ) -> Self::Output<V> {
  }
}

/// Parser result type
///
/// * `Ok` branch: a tuple of the remaining input data, and the output value.
///   The output value is of the `O` type if the output mode was [Emit], and `()`
///   if the mode was [Check]
/// * `Err` branch: an error of the `E` type if the erroor mode was [Emit], and `()`
///   if the mode was [Check]
pub type PResult<OM, I, O, E> = Result<
  (I, <<OM as OutputMode>::Output as Mode>::Output<O>),
  Err<E, <<OM as OutputMode>::Error as Mode>::Output<E>>,
>;

/// Trait Defining the parser's execution
///
/// The same parser implementation can vary in behaviour according to the chosen
/// output mode
pub trait OutputMode {
  /// Defines the [Mode] for the output type. [Emit] will generate the value, [Check] will
  /// apply the parser but will only generate `()` if successful. This can be used when
  /// verifying that the input data conforms to the format without having to generate any
  /// output data
  type Output: Mode;
  /// Defines the [Mode] for the output type. [Emit] will generate the value, [Check] will
  /// apply the parser but will only generate `()` if an error happened. [Emit] should be
  /// used when we want to handle the error and extract useful information from it. [Check]
  /// is used when we just want to know if parsing failed and reject the data quickly.
  type Error: Mode;
  /// Indicates whether the input data is "complete", ie we already have the entire data in the
  /// buffer, or if it is "streaming", where more data can be added later in the buffer. In
  /// streaming mode, the parser will understand that a failure may mean that we are missing
  /// data, and will return a specific error branch, [Err::Incomplete] to signal it. In complete
  /// mode, the parser will generate a normal error
  type Incomplete: IsStreaming;
}

/// Specifies the behaviour when a parser encounters an error that could be due to partial ata
pub trait IsStreaming {
  /// called by parsers on partial data errors
  /// * `needed` can hold the amount of additional data the parser would need to decide
  /// * `err_f`: produces the error when in "complete" mode
  fn incomplete<E, F: FnOnce() -> E>(needed: Needed, err_f: F) -> Err<E>;
  /// Indicates whether the data is in streaming mode or not
  fn is_streaming() -> bool;
}

/// Indicates that the input data is streaming: more data may be available later
pub struct Streaming;

impl IsStreaming for Streaming {
  fn incomplete<E, F: FnOnce() -> E>(needed: Needed, _err_f: F) -> Err<E> {
    Err::Incomplete(needed)
  }

  #[inline]
  fn is_streaming() -> bool {
    true
  }
}

/// Indicates that the input data is complete: no more data may be added later
pub struct Complete;

impl IsStreaming for Complete {
  fn incomplete<E, F: FnOnce() -> E>(_needed: Needed, err_f: F) -> Err<E> {
    Err::Error(err_f())
  }

  #[inline]
  fn is_streaming() -> bool {
    false
  }
}

/// Holds the parser execution modifiers: output [Mode], error [Mode] and
/// streaming behaviour for input data
pub struct OutputM<M: Mode, EM: Mode, S: IsStreaming> {
  m: PhantomData<M>,
  em: PhantomData<EM>,
  s: PhantomData<S>,
}

impl<M: Mode, EM: Mode, S: IsStreaming> OutputMode for OutputM<M, EM, S> {
  type Output = M;
  type Error = EM;
  type Incomplete = S;
}
/// All nom parsers implement this trait
pub trait Parser<Input> {
  /// Type of the produced value
  type Output;
  /// Error type of this parser
  type Error: ParseError<Input>;

  /// A parser takes in input type, and returns a `Result` containing
  /// either the remaining input and the output value, or an error
  #[inline]
  fn parse(&mut self, input: Input) -> IResult<Input, Self::Output, Self::Error> {
    self.process::<OutputM<Emit, Emit, Streaming>>(input)
  }

  /// A parser takes in input type, and returns a `Result` containing
  /// either the remaining input and the output value, or an error
  #[inline]
  fn parse_complete(&mut self, input: Input) -> IResult<Input, Self::Output, Self::Error> {
    self.process::<OutputM<Emit, Emit, Complete>>(input)
  }

  /// A parser takes in input type, and returns a `Result` containing
  /// either the remaining input and the output value, or an error
  fn process<OM: OutputMode>(
    &mut self,
    input: Input,
  ) -> PResult<OM, Input, Self::Output, Self::Error>;

  /// Maps a function over the result of a parser
  fn map<G, O2>(self, g: G) -> Map<Self, G>
  where
    G: FnMut(Self::Output) -> O2,
    Self: core::marker::Sized,
  {
    Map { f: self, g }
  }

  /// Applies a function returning a `Result` over the result of a parser.
  fn map_res<G, O2, E2>(self, g: G) -> MapRes<Self, G>
  where
    G: FnMut(Self::Output) -> Result<O2, E2>,
    Self::Error: FromExternalError<Input, E2>,
    Self: core::marker::Sized,
  {
    MapRes { f: self, g }
  }

  /// Applies a function returning an `Option` over the result of a parser.
  fn map_opt<G, O2>(self, g: G) -> MapOpt<Self, G>
  where
    G: FnMut(Self::Output) -> Option<O2>,
    Self: core::marker::Sized,
  {
    MapOpt { f: self, g }
  }

  /// Creates a second parser from the output of the first one, then apply over the rest of the input
  fn flat_map<G, H>(self, g: G) -> FlatMap<Self, G>
  where
    G: FnMut(Self::Output) -> H,
    H: Parser<Input, Error = Self::Error>,
    Self: core::marker::Sized,
  {
    FlatMap { f: self, g }
  }

  /// Applies a second parser over the output of the first one
  fn and_then<G>(self, g: G) -> AndThen<Self, G>
  where
    G: Parser<Self::Output, Error = Self::Error>,
    Self: core::marker::Sized,
  {
    AndThen { f: self, g }
  }

  /// Applies a second parser after the first one, return their results as a tuple
  fn and<G, O2>(self, g: G) -> And<Self, G>
  where
    G: Parser<Input, Output = O2, Error = Self::Error>,
    Self: core::marker::Sized,
  {
    And { f: self, g }
  }

  /// Applies a second parser over the input if the first one failed
  fn or<G>(self, g: G) -> Or<Self, G>
  where
    G: Parser<Input, Output = Self::Output, Error = Self::Error>,
    Self: core::marker::Sized,
  {
    Or { f: self, g }
  }

  /// automatically converts the parser's output and error values to another type, as long as they
  /// implement the `From` trait
  fn into<O2: From<Self::Output>, E2: From<Self::Error>>(self) -> Into<Self, O2, E2>
  where
    Self: core::marker::Sized,
  {
    Into {
      f: self,
      phantom_out2: core::marker::PhantomData,
      phantom_err2: core::marker::PhantomData,
    }
  }
}

impl<I, O, E: ParseError<I>, F> Parser<I> for F
where
  F: FnMut(I) -> IResult<I, O, E>,
{
  type Output = O;
  type Error = E;

  fn process<OM: OutputMode>(&mut self, i: I) -> PResult<OM, I, Self::Output, Self::Error> {
    let (i, o) = self(i).map_err(|e| match e {
      Err::Incomplete(i) => Err::Incomplete(i),
      Err::Error(e) => Err::Error(OM::Error::bind(|| e)),
      Err::Failure(e) => Err::Failure(e),
    })?;
    Ok((i, OM::Output::bind(|| o)))
  }
}

macro_rules! impl_parser_for_tuple {
  ($($parser:ident $output:ident),+) => (
    #[allow(non_snake_case)]
    impl<I, $($output),+, E: ParseError<I>, $($parser),+> Parser<I> for ($($parser),+,)
    where
      $($parser: Parser<I, Output = $output, Error = E>),+
    {
      type Output = ($($output),+,);
      type Error = E;

      #[inline(always)]
      fn process<OM: OutputMode>(&mut self, i: I) -> PResult<OM, I, Self::Output, Self::Error> {
        let ($(ref mut $parser),+,) = *self;

        // FIXME: is there a way to avoid producing the output values?
        $(let(i, $output) = $parser.process::<OutputM<Emit, OM::Error, OM::Incomplete>>(i)?;)+

        // ???
        Ok((i, OM::Output::bind(|| ($($output),+,))))
      }
    }
  )
}

macro_rules! impl_parser_for_tuples {
    ($parser1:ident $output1:ident, $($parser:ident $output:ident),+) => {
        impl_parser_for_tuples!(__impl $parser1 $output1; $($parser $output),+);
    };
    (__impl $($parser:ident $output:ident),+; $parser1:ident $output1:ident $(,$parser2:ident $output2:ident)*) => {
        impl_parser_for_tuple!($($parser $output),+);
        impl_parser_for_tuples!(__impl $($parser $output),+, $parser1 $output1; $($parser2 $output2),*);
    };
    (__impl $($parser:ident $output:ident),+;) => {
        impl_parser_for_tuple!($($parser $output),+);
    }
}

impl_parser_for_tuples!(P1 O1, P2 O2, P3 O3, P4 O4, P5 O5, P6 O6, P7 O7, P8 O8, P9 O9, P10 O10, P11 O11, P12 O12, P13 O13, P14 O14, P15 O15, P16 O16, P17 O17, P18 O18, P19 O19, P20 O20, P21 O21);

/*
#[cfg(feature = "alloc")]
use alloc::boxed::Box;

#[cfg(feature = "alloc")]
impl<I, O, E: ParseError<I>> Parser<I> for Box<dyn Parser<I, Output = O, Error = E>> {
  type Output = O;
  type Error = E;

  fn process<OM: OutputMode>(&mut self, input: I) -> PResult<OM, I, Self::Output, Self::Error> {
    (**self).process(input)
  }
}
*/
/// Implementation of `Parser::map`
pub struct Map<F, G> {
  f: F,
  g: G,
}

impl<I, O2, E: ParseError<I>, F: Parser<I, Error = E>, G: FnMut(<F as Parser<I>>::Output) -> O2>
  Parser<I> for Map<F, G>
{
  type Output = O2;
  type Error = E;

  #[inline(always)]
  fn process<OM: OutputMode>(&mut self, i: I) -> PResult<OM, I, Self::Output, Self::Error> {
    match self.f.process::<OM>(i) {
      Err(e) => Err(e),
      Ok((i, o)) => Ok((i, OM::Output::map(o, |o| (self.g)(o)))),
    }
  }
}

/// Implementation of `Parser::map_res`
pub struct MapRes<F, G> {
  f: F,
  g: G,
}

impl<I, O2, E2, F, G> Parser<I> for MapRes<F, G>
where
  I: Clone,
  <F as Parser<I>>::Error: FromExternalError<I, E2>,
  F: Parser<I>,
  G: FnMut(<F as Parser<I>>::Output) -> Result<O2, E2>,
{
  type Output = O2;
  type Error = <F as Parser<I>>::Error;

  fn process<OM: OutputMode>(&mut self, i: I) -> PResult<OM, I, Self::Output, Self::Error> {
    let (input, o1) = self
      .f
      .process::<OutputM<Emit, OM::Error, OM::Incomplete>>(i.clone())?;

    match (self.g)(o1) {
      Ok(o2) => Ok((input, OM::Output::bind(|| o2))),
      Err(e) => Err(Err::Error(OM::Error::bind(|| {
        <F as Parser<I>>::Error::from_external_error(i, ErrorKind::MapRes, e)
      }))),
    }
  }
}

/// Implementation of `Parser::map_opt`
pub struct MapOpt<F, G> {
  f: F,
  g: G,
}

impl<I, O2, F, G> Parser<I> for MapOpt<F, G>
where
  I: Clone,
  F: Parser<I>,
  G: FnMut(<F as Parser<I>>::Output) -> Option<O2>,
{
  type Output = O2;
  type Error = <F as Parser<I>>::Error;

  fn process<OM: OutputMode>(&mut self, i: I) -> PResult<OM, I, Self::Output, Self::Error> {
    let (input, o1) = self
      .f
      .process::<OutputM<Emit, OM::Error, OM::Incomplete>>(i.clone())?;

    match (self.g)(o1) {
      Some(o2) => Ok((input, OM::Output::bind(|| o2))),
      None => Err(Err::Error(OM::Error::bind(|| {
        <F as Parser<I>>::Error::from_error_kind(i, ErrorKind::MapOpt)
      }))),
    }
  }
}

/// Implementation of `Parser::flat_map`
pub struct FlatMap<F, G> {
  f: F,
  g: G,
}

impl<
    I,
    E: ParseError<I>,
    F: Parser<I, Error = E>,
    G: FnMut(<F as Parser<I>>::Output) -> H,
    H: Parser<I, Error = E>,
  > Parser<I> for FlatMap<F, G>
{
  type Output = <H as Parser<I>>::Output;
  type Error = E;

  fn process<OM: OutputMode>(&mut self, i: I) -> PResult<OM, I, Self::Output, Self::Error> {
    let (input, o1) = self
      .f
      .process::<OutputM<Emit, OM::Error, OM::Incomplete>>(i)?;

    (self.g)(o1).process::<OM>(input)
  }
}

/// Implementation of `Parser::and_then`
pub struct AndThen<F, G> {
  f: F,
  g: G,
}

impl<I, F: Parser<I>, G: Parser<<F as Parser<I>>::Output, Error = <F as Parser<I>>::Error>>
  Parser<I> for AndThen<F, G>
{
  type Output = <G as Parser<<F as Parser<I>>::Output>>::Output;
  type Error = <F as Parser<I>>::Error;

  fn process<OM: OutputMode>(&mut self, i: I) -> PResult<OM, I, Self::Output, Self::Error> {
    let (input, o1) = self
      .f
      .process::<OutputM<Emit, OM::Error, OM::Incomplete>>(i)?;

    let (_, o2) = self.g.process::<OM>(o1)?;
    Ok((input, o2))
  }
}

/// Implementation of `Parser::and`
pub struct And<F, G> {
  f: F,
  g: G,
}

impl<I, E: ParseError<I>, F: Parser<I, Error = E>, G: Parser<I, Error = E>> Parser<I>
  for And<F, G>
{
  type Output = (<F as Parser<I>>::Output, <G as Parser<I>>::Output);
  type Error = E;

  #[inline(always)]
  fn process<OM: OutputMode>(&mut self, i: I) -> PResult<OM, I, Self::Output, Self::Error> {
    let (i, o1) = self.f.process::<OM>(i)?;
    let (i, o2) = self.g.process::<OM>(i)?;

    Ok((i, OM::Output::combine(o1, o2, |o1, o2| (o1, o2))))
  }
}

/// Implementation of `Parser::or`
pub struct Or<F, G> {
  f: F,
  g: G,
}

impl<
    I: Clone,
    O,
    E: ParseError<I>,
    F: Parser<I, Output = O, Error = E>,
    G: Parser<I, Output = O, Error = E>,
  > Parser<I> for Or<F, G>
{
  type Output = <F as Parser<I>>::Output;
  type Error = <F as Parser<I>>::Error;

  fn process<OM: OutputMode>(&mut self, i: I) -> PResult<OM, I, Self::Output, Self::Error> {
    match self.f.process::<OM>(i.clone()) {
      Err(Err::Error(e1)) => match self.g.process::<OM>(i) {
        Err(Err::Error(e2)) => Err(Err::Error(OM::Error::combine(e1, e2, |e1, e2| e1.or(e2)))),
        res => res,
      },
      res => res,
    }
  }
}

/// Implementation of `Parser::into`
pub struct Into<F, O2, E2> {
  f: F,
  phantom_out2: core::marker::PhantomData<O2>,
  phantom_err2: core::marker::PhantomData<E2>,
}

impl<
    I,
    O2: From<<F as Parser<I>>::Output>,
    E2: crate::error::ParseError<I> + From<<F as Parser<I>>::Error>,
    F: Parser<I>,
  > Parser<I> for Into<F, O2, E2>
{
  type Output = O2;
  type Error = E2;

  fn process<OM: OutputMode>(&mut self, i: I) -> PResult<OM, I, Self::Output, Self::Error> {
    match self.f.process::<OM>(i) {
      Ok((i, o)) => Ok((i, OM::Output::map(o, |o| o.into()))),
      Err(Err::Error(e)) => Err(Err::Error(OM::Error::map(e, |e| e.into()))),
      Err(Err::Failure(e)) => Err(Err::Failure(e.into())),
      Err(Err::Incomplete(e)) => Err(Err::Incomplete(e)),
    }
  }
}

/// Alternate between two Parser implementations with the same result type.
pub(crate) enum Either<F, G> {
  Left(F),
  Right(G),
}

impl<
    I,
    F: Parser<I>,
    G: Parser<I, Output = <F as Parser<I>>::Output, Error = <F as Parser<I>>::Error>,
  > Parser<I> for Either<F, G>
{
  type Output = <F as Parser<I>>::Output;
  type Error = <F as Parser<I>>::Error;

  #[inline]
  fn process<OM: OutputMode>(&mut self, i: I) -> PResult<OM, I, Self::Output, Self::Error> {
    match self {
      Either::Left(f) => f.process::<OM>(i),
      Either::Right(g) => g.process::<OM>(i),
    }
  }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
  use super::*;
  use crate::error::ErrorKind;

  use crate::bytes::streaming::{tag, take};
  use crate::number::streaming::be_u16;
  use crate::sequence::terminated;

  #[doc(hidden)]
  #[macro_export]
  macro_rules! assert_size (
    ($t:ty, $sz:expr) => (
      assert_eq!($crate::lib::std::mem::size_of::<$t>(), $sz);
    );
  );

  #[test]
  #[cfg(target_pointer_width = "64")]
  fn size_test() {
    assert_size!(IResult<&[u8], &[u8], (&[u8], u32)>, 40);
    //FIXME: since rust 1.65, this is now 32 bytes, likely thanks to https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/94075
    // deactivating that test for now because it'll have different values depending on the rust version
    // assert_size!(IResult<&str, &str, u32>, 40);
    assert_size!(Needed, 8);
    assert_size!(Err<u32>, 16);
    assert_size!(ErrorKind, 1);
  }

  #[test]
  fn err_map_test() {
    let e = Err::Error(1);
    assert_eq!(e.map(|v| v + 1), Err::Error(2));
  }

  #[test]
  fn native_tuple_test() {
    fn tuple_3(i: &[u8]) -> IResult<&[u8], (u16, &[u8])> {
      terminated((be_u16, take(3u8)), tag("fg")).parse(i)
    }

    assert_eq!(
      tuple_3(&b"abcdefgh"[..]),
      Ok((&b"h"[..], (0x6162u16, &b"cde"[..])))
    );
    assert_eq!(tuple_3(&b"abcd"[..]), Err(Err::Incomplete(Needed::new(1))));
    assert_eq!(tuple_3(&b"abcde"[..]), Err(Err::Incomplete(Needed::new(2))));
    assert_eq!(
      tuple_3(&b"abcdejk"[..]),
      Err(Err::Error(error_position!(&b"jk"[..], ErrorKind::Tag)))
    );
  }
}
nom/internal.rs

nom/
internal.rs
